As they age, dogs may acquire symptoms of congestive heart failure due to chronic valvular disease (CVD) or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Acquired CVD particularly affects small breed dogs over 9 years of age. Due to a thickening of the valves, blood flow is no longer restricted to one direction, causing accumulation in the veins and tissues. Small breed dogs prone to this condition are cocker spaniels, dachshunds, Chihuahuas, miniature and toy poodles, Cavalier King Charles spaniels, and miniature schnauzers. 

Large breed dogs such as Boxers, Doberman pinschers, and Great Danes, along with the smaller cocker spaniel are specific breeds which we evaluate with a closer eye for DCM. This condition can affect dogs as young as 2 years, though most are between 4-8 years old when they are diagnosed. This disease causes the heart muscle to stretch and weaken, reducing the heart's avility to effectively contract and deliver a quality heartbeat, leading to poor blood flow and arrhythmias.

Symptoms of heart failure include cough, difficulty breathing, weakness, decreased playfulness, and possibly an enlarged abdomen. During the physical exam, veterinarians listen to the heart and the lungs, feel the pulse rate and strength, and assess the gum color. At Murphy Road Animal Hospital, we are also able to evaluate the patient through chest radiographs, blood work, electrocardiograms (ECG), and blood pressure. If needed, an echocardiogram, which is the use of ultrasound to evaluate the heart, can be ordered.

Recently, a new medication called pimobendan has become available for treatment of canine congestive heart failure caused by either CVD or DCM. It appears to be a major breakthrough in improving quality of life and significantly prolonging survival after diagnosis. Pimobendan improves heart function and blood flow by improving contraction and dilating veins and arteries, reducing the workload on the struggling heart.

Because heart failure is not curable, early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are the best we can do to give our pets comfort and vigor. If you own an older dog or a breed at higher risk of heart disease, call to schedule a heart exam with your vet.